VOA [Voice of America] Africa : June 25, 2018 03:00PM-04:00PM EDT
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VOA [Voice of America] Africa : June 25, 2018 03:00PM-04:00PM EDT
- Publication date
- 2018-06-25
- Topics
- Radio Program
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- VOA [Voice of America] Africa
- Language
- English
Closed captions transcript:
00:00:00
I mean those who support President Reagan.
And those who do not everyone is adored
00:00:05
by his supporters for his conservative
values vast infrastructure projects and
00:00:10
strong security stance but his critics say
he rules with an iron fist and accuse
00:00:15
him of corruption and mismanaging the
economy reporting from Istanbul I'm Heather
00:00:20
Murdoch the only news and election observation
mission from the Organization for
00:00:24
Security and Cooperation in Europe
found Monday that the election was not
00:00:28
fraudulent but the conditions for campaigning
were not equal the group said earlier
00:00:33
one enjoyed undue advantage including
in excessive coverage by government
00:00:38
affiliated public and private media outlets
nearly all media into Ricky is under
00:00:43
the direct or indirect control of Earl
Warren and his supporters Europe and China
00:00:49
have decided to work together to modernize
global trade rules Associated Press
00:00:53
correspondent Charles Dillard has more
reports Jante is to address areas like
00:00:57
government subsidies fast moving changes
in tech policy and all the emerging
00:01:02
complaints in
00:01:03
a bid to preserve support for international
commerce the European Commission says
00:01:07
disputes of the steel and China's technology
shifts in particular highlight the
00:01:12
need to modernize the will trade organization
to reflect developments in the world
00:01:16
economy I'm sure also with us from floods
and landslides triggered by torrential
00:01:20
rains have killed at least 9 people since
Saturday in northern Vietnam this is
00:01:26
V.O.A.
00:01:27
New. The American motorcycle maker Harley
Davidson has announced that spiraling
00:01:33
costs from tariffs have led it to begin
shifting production of its vehicles headed
00:01:38
for Europe to overseas
factories a company said in
00:01:41
a regulatory filing Monday that E.U.
00:01:44
Tariffs on its motorcycles exported from
the United States jumped between 6 and 31
00:01:50
percent it said that translates into an
additional cost of about $2200.00 for each
00:01:57
motorcycle exported to the European Union
Iran has banned the importation of more
00:02:03
than 1300 products as it prepares its
economy to resist threatened American
00:02:09
sanctions efforts to find and rescue 12
teenage soccer players and their coach from
00:02:14
a flooded cave complex in Thailand entered
their 3rd day Monday but there already
00:02:20
is believe the team is trapped by rising
waters caused by heavy rains Ethiopian
00:02:25
state affiliated media reports the United
States will send agents from the Federal
00:02:29
Bureau of Investigation to look at the
deadly bombing in Addis Ababa on Saturday
00:02:36
President Trump is not backing down from
his beliefs that people caught trying to
00:02:41
illegally cross the border
should not get legal due process
00:02:49
in Zimbabwe an explosion believed to be
an assassination attempt as left at least
00:02:54
one person dead 49 people injured during a
campaign rally on Saturday in Borno Y.-O.
00:03:01
2 people were killed 150 others injured in
an explosion in Addis Ababa for the new
00:03:07
prime minister I'll be automated. And
President Hu Hurrell Kenyatta in Kenya has
00:03:12
inspected the Nairobi standard gauge
railway calling for its completion by June
00:03:17
29th teen the top story of the hour the
Turkish president rejecting up arrow on has
00:03:23
been declared the winner of Sunday's
close election the election observation
00:03:28
mission from the Organization for Security
and Cooperation in Europe found Monday
00:03:33
that the election was not fraudulent but
the conditions for campaigning were not
00:03:37
equal Erda ones main challengers had
warned during their campaigns that the new
00:03:43
presidential powers that arrow on is
getting now were tantamount to any elected
00:03:48
dictatorship
00:03:50
a charge dismissed by the president however
the observation group said that aired
00:03:55
on did enjoy undue advantage including
in excessive coverage by government
00:04:00
affiliated public and private media outlets
you can find more on these and other
00:04:05
late breaking and developing stories from
around the world around the clock at v 00
00:04:11
a new dot com and on the V.O.A.
00:04:15
News mobile app I'm
Christopher Cruz V.O.A.
00:04:19
New. That's the latest world news from B O
00:04:26
J.
00:04:36
It is Monday June 25th and this is via
ways international edition I'm Sarah
00:04:41
Williams in Washington coming up Turkish
president Rajib Tayyip Erdogan wins
00:04:47
a big election victory we get
00:04:49
a 1st hand account of the situation
on the US Mexico border and
00:04:53
a Michigan Muslim American candidate
hopes to win election to the U.S.
00:04:58
Congress it's all.
00:05:18
Turkish president. Has secured his hold
on power winning more than 52 percent of
00:05:24
the vote in which was the country's most
contested presidential and parliamentary
00:05:29
election in recent years speaking to
thousands of supporters at is a K.P.
00:05:34
Headquarters and in
00:05:36
a predawn appearance Monday earlier
one described Sunday's election as
00:05:40
a victory for democracy.
He said The winner of this
00:05:47
election is democracy our nation winners
of this election are everyone 1000000
00:05:53
citizens I want to thank you all who went
to the polls today in this democracy
00:05:58
Festival which has had the highest turnout
in our history or one now as soon as the
00:06:03
sweeping new powers passed in
00:06:05
a 2017 constitutional referendum which
was marred by fraud allegations reporter
00:06:12
Dorian Jones is in Istanbul I asked him why
are the won was successful in defeating
00:06:17
the opposition let alone the question of
the opposition are asking they really felt
00:06:22
that they did have
00:06:23
a real shot be preventing him from securing
an overall majority in the round and
00:06:28
bolting. Ronnell but I think what has really
been revealed is the case that the 116
00:06:33
years in power he's supporters have proved
to be wrong markedly loyal they believed
00:06:39
in many ways that the benefits and rights
of quickly the religious section of the
00:06:44
Turkish society have benefited on the road
they want and they fear if he were to
00:06:48
leave power those rights would be at risk
and I think in many ways this moral T.
00:06:53
Has on the school the 116 years of power
there has to be said that loyalty was put
00:06:58
to the test in this election it's called
00:07:00
a very last last campaign very
uncharacteristically is normally
00:07:04
a giant of campaigning not this time and
this campaign was dominated by economic
00:07:09
concerns alling heavy pulls on the currency
and emergency rate hikes in interest
00:07:14
rates despite all that he still prevails
because I have read though that his
00:07:18
supporters like what he's doing with the
economy well the economy has been very
00:07:24
robust and growth from Tokyo has one of
the fastest growing up colonies in the
00:07:27
world at around $0.07 up until the last
few months there is growing concerns that
00:07:33
the major economic storms on the horizon
the Turkish currency has been seen as
00:07:37
extremely vulnerable and that's because the
the government of borrowed hundreds of
00:07:42
billions of dollars to finance these
huge mega projects which have provided
00:07:46
a lot of jobs
00:07:47
a lot of construction of the same time have
run up turkeys and made the current the
00:07:52
barn robot and that's what happened the
currency plummeted heavily Vestas of lost
00:07:56
confidence and Turkey now has among the
highest interest rates in the world and the
00:08:00
expectation in the coming months
Turkey will be heading to
00:08:03
a recession that recession hasn't yet and
many people believe that is what one
00:08:09
calls not election 18 months early to avoid
being running in an economic recession
00:08:15
and that is another factor why this also
why he voters did stay remain loyal
00:08:20
because he has delivered jobs and prosperity
for 16 years and they still believe
00:08:24
his promises that he will continue to
do stuff you know apparently he will be
00:08:28
assuming. New executive powers how will
his rule change well as another one is to
00:08:35
be probably the most powerful elected
leader in the world he will be able to rule
00:08:39
by decree woodchucks
00:08:40
a force of law he appoints all the ministers
who are now directly accountable to
00:08:45
him he also chooses most of the country's
top judges on Parliament's role has been
00:08:51
severely diminished the role of prime
minister has gone so there all seem to be
00:08:54
very few checks that his alibi of one insists
though he democratically elected and
00:08:59
these new sweeping powers will allow him
to carry out the wishes of the electorate
00:09:03
the opposition say this is tantamount to
an elected dictatorship there have been
00:09:08
a crackdowns on his political opponents as
well as on journalists is that something
00:09:13
that is expected to continue Well President
there is one and his victory address
00:09:18
said the war against Turkey's terroristic
threats would continue and since the 2016
00:09:25
failed coup we have seen tens of thousands
of our rights over 100 journalists being
00:09:30
jailed more than 200000 people have lost
their jobs although some being reinstated
00:09:35
under the ongoing crackdown but I want to
promise that there will be no letup in
00:09:39
the critics say that much of
this crackdown as in being
00:09:43
a the people who are conspiring against
the government genuine critics of
00:09:47
government dispute that the
message from the president is
00:09:50
a crackdown will continue as is the
founder of modern churchy Mustapha Kemal
00:09:54
Ataturk formed
00:09:56
a secular country is Erwan continuing that
or is he ruling back on that well that
00:10:02
certainly has been the case in the of the
early years the phrase rule he did grow
00:10:06
and so he did break down many controls
for example banning the women of wearing
00:10:10
head scarves in public places state
institutions quite universities and all cults
00:10:15
that was feared to be opposing
a greater risk of designing
00:10:19
a citation but countries but all those all
because this is purely about religious
00:10:23
freedom going forward we have
seen in the recent years
00:10:25
a massive expansion in religious schools
they called him up. It they are hopeful
00:10:30
but also they can book
00:10:31
a whole education based on the
political education that house holds
00:10:36
a lot of concern but one
has to be that there is
00:10:38
a voice in the criticism coming from his
own ranks about direction the country is
00:10:42
going it. Will continue to
pursue but. Think that in
00:10:47
a. Lot of something to me with
sweeping power it will be. The
00:10:54
question of the future of the secular state
durian Jones reporting from Istanbul
00:10:59
Meanwhile an election observation mission
found Monday that enough voters had
00:11:04
a genuine presidential election in Turkey
the conditions for campaigning were not
00:11:09
equal the Organization for Security
and Cooperation in Europe said in
00:11:14
a preliminary statement Monday the incumbent
in joint undue advantage including an
00:11:19
excessive coverage by government affiliated
public and private media outlets and
00:11:25
a joint statement released later E.U.
00:11:27
Diplomatic chief Frederica mug and large
man commissioner Johan Hahn cited the
00:11:33
results of the mission refusing to
congratulate Turkey's president without
00:11:37
referring to him by name. Here are
some of the top news stories that are
00:11:44
trending Ethiopia says the United States
will send federal investigators to probe
00:11:50
a deadly blast and Addis Ababa
00:11:53
a search continues in Thailand for
missing teenagers and a coach in
00:11:57
a flooded cave and the location of
00:12:00
a sunken Indonesian ferry has been identified
expanded coverage of these stories
00:12:05
and more on the V.O.A.
00:12:07
News dot com website this is.
00:12:14
This is in
00:12:15
a minute. Scientists say our sun has
been shining for about the last
00:12:22
4500000000 years the Sun is expected to
have enough hydrogen fuel in its core to
00:12:27
shine for about another 5000000000 years
along with producing solar energy this
00:12:33
nuclear fusion is creating helium once the
sun runs out of hydrogen it will start
00:12:39
fusing the helium and begin another
5000000000 year process that will eventually
00:12:44
result in the suns that the helium fusion
process because the sun to expand and
00:12:49
transform itself into
00:12:51
a red giant star according to one who study
as the red giant expands it will lose
00:12:57
mass and expel gas and
dust which will form
00:13:00
a massive glowing ring called the
planetary nebula the sun will be
00:13:04
a white dwarf by then and will
eventually I feel ways Rick pencil
00:13:10
a will. This
00:13:17
is international edition on The Voice
of America I'm sorry Williams coming up
00:13:23
a Muslim American woman wants to
represent Michigan and the U.S.
00:13:27
Congress will have
00:13:28
a report. President
00:13:36
Donald Trump on Monday again assail
judicial review for illegal border crossers
00:13:41
contending that the migrants ought to
immediately be sent back to their homelands
00:13:45
the American Civil Liberties
Union said Sunday that the U.S.
00:13:49
Leaders call to end legal hearings for
undocumented immigrants seeking asylum in
00:13:54
the U.S. Was unconstitutional
but Trump rejected that view in
00:13:58
a pair of Twitter comments he wrote
hiring many thousands of judges and going
00:14:04
through
00:14:05
a long and complicated legal process is not
the way to go will always be disfunctional
00:14:11
he said people must simply be stopped at
the border and told they cannot come into
00:14:15
the U.S.
00:14:16
Illegally he contended that if children
and their parents are sent home illegal
00:14:21
immigration will be stopped in its tracks
and very little by comparison costs this
00:14:26
is the only real answer and we must continue
to build the wall the United States
00:14:32
for years has granted court hearings to
migrants fling violence in Mexico and
00:14:36
Central American countries and from
elsewhere in the world and those who are
00:14:40
looking for better economic fortunes in the
United States last week Trump signed an
00:14:46
executive order maintaining his 0 tolerance
policy of detaining and prosecuting
00:14:51
everyone entering the country illegally but
ending the process the practice rather
00:14:56
of separating immigrant parents and
children the away immigration reporter
00:15:01
a lead Barrow's has just returned to
Washington from spending last week at the US
00:15:05
Mexico border in Brownsville and Macallan
Texas I asked her for her impression. Of
00:15:11
conditions in those border towns 1st of
all thanks for having me I appreciate you
00:15:16
having me the overall thoughts it's well
you get there 1st of all when you get to
00:15:20
a port of entry you think there's this line
of people try to come in and that's not
00:15:24
what I saw when we were in Brownsville
and the port of entry there is
00:15:28
a small town folks coming in
and out you know the U.S.
00:15:33
You see cars with Mexican tags you see cars
with Texans tags going over the border
00:15:38
you see people coming for shop like they
will go to Wal-Mart I saw people going to
00:15:42
Ra's and all those small clothing stores
that they were there and just just regular
00:15:48
folks you know crossing the bridge and
being part of the the canonical aspect of
00:15:55
that local small town so they can they go
back and forth that's what I saw yes yes
00:16:00
now the people that are coming the migrants
they are they are not Mexican they are
00:16:05
from Central America most of them well
most of them you do you still have some
00:16:10
Mexicans trying to cross but overall people
coming out from under what has also led
00:16:15
to a lot of Mala and a lot of the
stories are you know I heard from
00:16:19
a father saying I asked him why why
did you come and he said there's
00:16:24
a lot of evil there's a lot of gangs and
I wanted a better future for my son
00:16:28
a mother that I spoke with I asked her if
she had heard about all the things that's
00:16:33
happening and she said if I had known about
this journey I wouldn't have come it
00:16:37
was really hard and then another mother
who said that she would do it all over
00:16:42
again because her kids they are what
matter to her so we think that you know
00:16:48
there's is perception that they know
what's happening here that they know that
00:16:52
their kids may be taken away that they
know the journey is very complicated and
00:16:57
difficult but for the people that we
interviewed they actually do not know they
00:17:01
understand it will be difficult but they
don't know what to expect and I'll give
00:17:05
you an example one of the fathers that we
spoke with he was with his 16 year old
00:17:10
and. He said he got robbed at when he got
to Mexico and then when he tried to cross
00:17:15
over you know the bridge in and get there
and ask for help he wasn't allowed to so
00:17:21
he came back and the chaotic is which you
know those are people who are sort of
00:17:25
like observing you see if you're trying
to cross and then they'll come to you and
00:17:29
say hey I can cross you just pay me X.
00:17:31
Amount of money so one of these people
approached the group that he was with when
00:17:36
they got to the border literally to cross
over the river the guy robbed him again
00:17:41
and the group that he was with and at that
moment when he's telling me the story I
00:17:45
mean you can see the anxiety you can see
how emotional he got he Those his words
00:17:51
exactly in Spanish were I thought the
something bad was going to happen at that
00:17:55
moment so literally the people I can
speak for everyone but the people who we
00:18:01
interviewed they had no idea they they
didn't understand that they would go if they
00:18:07
would go to detention for instance OK They
simply didn't understand that another
00:18:13
idea that
00:18:14
a perception that that I sort of think that
some people have is that they understand
00:18:19
what asylum is I asked
00:18:20
a few people Sol do you plan to apply for
asylum and all of them and those are
00:18:25
people in different like moments of the
strip right want to interview and choose
00:18:29
they would allow an interview on Wednesday
their answer was what's asylum can you
00:18:33
tell me more about this so they don't
even understand that that could be
00:18:38
dispositive billet of stain a U.S.
00:18:41
If they claim credible fear so we have
this perception that they come here with
00:18:45
a plan that they know what they're going
to do that they're going to the sanction
00:18:49
the people that I spoke with simply had
no idea were you able to get near any of
00:18:53
the detention facility yes yes we went to
the one in Brownsville from southwest to
00:18:59
key programs where more than 1400 minors
and boys are being held there we walked
00:19:05
around there's quite
00:19:05
a police presence there they're driving
cruising to make sure that you don't go
00:19:10
near the door because. You cannot even go
near the door Believe or not there's like
00:19:14
Keep Out signs all around this big
parking lot because you used to be
00:19:18
a Wal-Mart so you can see this huge warehouse
everything closed there's no windows
00:19:23
there's no glass doors you cannot see through
anything it's very well protected the
00:19:28
parking lot is pretty packed their
car is everywhere so there's
00:19:32
a lot of people either working
or visiting that place there is
00:19:36
a small shopping center around so
you have a pizza place you have
00:19:40
a McDonald's you have sandwich place so
you have people there you know that sort
00:19:47
of depend on the employees
working that is this there's
00:19:50
a tension center we went inside of the
businesses one of the business small
00:19:53
businesses and we said well how would you
see it and he told he didn't want to go
00:19:58
on camera with us but he did say while you
see those vans and they are the ones to
00:20:03
transport the children we see that we
see them driving this around every time
00:20:08
there's a new one will common we see the
kids going inside of the warehouse and
00:20:13
a lot of the business that we are able to
have in here is because of this detention
00:20:17
facility the only emigration reporter
Allen a barrister this is the L.A.
00:20:23
. Breaks the away for good behavior you
00:20:30
bring you news as it happens listen to
Africa NEWS TONIGHT Monday through Friday at
00:20:37
161800 U.T.C.
00:20:40
And our 5 minute newscast to you at the
top of each hour we'll wait I work out
00:20:47
you're
00:20:47
a trusted source of information. This
00:20:57
is LARRY like the host of the
always border. I think your
00:21:04
music and interviews with your favorite
artists from all around the world and you
00:21:07
can not only listen but you can interact
live with us here in Washington D.C.
00:21:12
. Border crossings come
Monday through Friday
00:21:19
at 1500 you. Feel way.
00:21:30
This is international edition about $100.00
Muslim Americans are running for public
00:21:36
office is this year many of them
Democrats hoping to be a part of
00:21:40
a blue wave in the congressional midterm
elections in November the airways Cain
00:21:45
fair about has been following one former
Michigan State legislator who has her eyes
00:21:50
on making it to the U.S.
00:21:52
Congress so much so that she was out on the
campaign trail all through the month of
00:21:57
Ramadan he found that she's focusing less
on her gender and her religion and more
00:22:03
on addressing the needs of the community
she seeks to represent it's crazy through
00:22:08
the hottest hours. On blistering pavement
that could fry an egg nobody has
00:22:14
sprinklers on today she had to leave is
walking door to door in this Detroit
00:22:18
neighborhood in search of votes
yes so this is going to be
00:22:21
a pretty competitive Democratic primary and
she's doing so without eating any food
00:22:26
or drinking any water during the
day. That's because to leave is
00:22:31
a practicing Muslim which means she is
fasting during the holy month of Ramadan I
00:22:37
know that my faith comes up more on social
media because they're not face to face
00:22:43
with me but I'm
00:22:44
a door that don't get as much while
others would stay indoors in the air
00:22:48
conditioning to leave use it as an
opportunity to build name recognition as she
00:22:53
seeks to represent Michigan's
13th district in the U.S.
00:22:56
Congress people still can't pronounce my
name but they remember what I've done and
00:23:00
they remember that I've come to their
home to leave is no stranger to politics
00:23:04
having served in Michigan state legislature
she is the daughter of Palestinian
00:23:08
immigrants but on these Detroit streets in
00:23:11
a predominantly African-American
neighborhood she is
00:23:14
a local someone who was born here and
attended schools in the area but it's that
00:23:19
direct connection to the neighborhood
that I think people are much more. Cited
00:23:24
about Sheed knowledge is few of the people
she meets realize she is on the cusp of
00:23:30
making history again and I tell them you
know I'm the 1st Muslim woman ever elected
00:23:34
in the Michigan legislature and if elected
in this congressional race I'll be the
00:23:38
1st ever in Congress. And
no is she a possibility
00:23:44
a missed here is she is a
form of the candidate Osama's
00:23:48
a bloody is the publisher of the Dearborn
Michigan based Arab American News
00:23:53
a weekly publication targeting the large
Arab American population in southeastern
00:23:58
Michigan he says to leave his candidacy
and that of 2 other races prominently
00:24:03
featuring Muslim Americans
in Michigan shows
00:24:06
a new political awakening in the community
but we wanted one time in hiding you
00:24:11
know change you know what I'm aims in this
country and despite some gum but 11 this
00:24:16
by the. You know we are
moving forward this is
00:24:19
a pretty historic campaign people that are
supporting me from the Muslim in Tampa
00:24:23
who's like please when because if you
win we belong and I'm telling you we've
00:24:27
already won you absolutely belong I mean
so much bigger than. Me for to leave to
00:24:34
win she will need support outside the Arab
American community in Michigan most of
00:24:39
whom don't live in the district she seeks
to represent and can't vote for her to
00:24:43
leave faces several challengers seeking to
replace Congressman John Conyers Jr who
00:24:48
resigned in December amid allegations of
sexual misconduct the winner of the August
00:24:52
7th Democratic primary will likely head to
Congress next year as there is currently
00:24:57
no Republican running in the November
general election came from Bob Vila News
00:25:03
Detroit Michigan that is our show
please visit our website at V.O.A.
00:25:08
News dot com I'm Sarah Williams
thanks so much for joining us.
00:26:10
Next an editorial reflecting the views
of the United States government the
00:26:15
governments of the United States the United
Kingdom and Norway have called on all
00:26:20
warring parties in Darfur to lay down
their arms and work with international
00:26:24
peacekeepers to achieve
00:26:25
a permanent peace in 2003 armed opposition
in the Darfur region of western Sudan
00:26:31
began an insurrection against the
government in Khartoum in protest against
00:26:36
government policies that they claimed
discriminated against non Arabic populations
00:26:41
the government sent troops to fight the
uprising and also armed militias the gender
00:26:46
we need to fight the rebels but the gender
we'd were more interested in brutalizing
00:26:50
the civilian population resulting in
00:26:53
a humanitarian crisis that left hundreds
of thousands dead and 2000000 people
00:26:57
displaced in 2007
00:26:59
a combined African Union United Nations
hybrid operation in Darfur or union Ed was
00:27:05
deployed in Darfur to stabilize the
region several cease fire agreements were
00:27:10
signed as well as to peace agreements in
20062011 however 2 of the major opposition
00:27:16
groups Justice and Equality Movement Aber
heem and the Sudan Liberation Army Abdul
00:27:22
Wahid or. A dash A W refused to
sign the agreement as a dash
00:27:29
a W.
00:27:30
Has consistently rejected participation
in any peace agreement refused to declare
00:27:35
any unilateral cessation of hostilities
and is engaged in confrontations with
00:27:39
government forces us to ladies began anew
in March and the government increased its
00:27:44
troops and intensified the fighting finally
in mid June Sudanese government forces
00:27:49
and the Sudan Liberation Movement Abdel
Wahid clashed in central Darfur state again
00:27:54
forcing thousands of civilians to flee their
villages on June 19th the governments
00:27:59
of the United States the United
Kingdom and Norway issued
00:28:03
a written statement condemning the fighting
as well as intertribal violence in the
00:28:07
Jebel Mara region of Darfur the civilian
population continues to bear the brunt of
00:28:12
this unnecessary violence which has led
to the burning down of villages causing
00:28:16
high numbers of civilian injury and death
and the displacement of the only 9000
00:28:21
people said the statement there can be
no military solution to the conflict in
00:28:25
Darfur and the international community
should consider imposing sanctions against
00:28:29
those who continue to act as spoilers the
3 governments call on all parties to the
00:28:34
conflict to immediately cease all
military engagement and hostilities allow
00:28:39
unfettered humanitarian access and to
meaningfully engage with the African Union
00:28:44
high level implementation panel led
peace process in order to reach
00:28:48
a permanent cease fire the United States
continues to engage all parties to the
00:28:52
conflict to exercise restraint
engage in dialogue for
00:28:56
a negotiated solution. That was an editorial
reflecting the views of the United
00:29:03
States government.
00:29:33
Welcome to learning English
00:29:35
a daily 30 minute program from the Voice
of America I'm Jonathan Evans and I'm
00:29:42
Ashley THOMPSON This program is aimed
at English learners so we speak
00:29:48
a little slower and we use words and phrases
especially written for people learning
00:29:55
English. Today on the
00:30:01
program you will hear stories from Susan
chef and Dorothy Gandhi and peeped Musto
00:30:08
later we will present our American
history series The Making of
00:30:13
a nation but 1st. For
years people living in
00:30:20
Somalia's capital of Mogadishu wanting to
watch the World Cup on television have
00:30:26
done so at great risk the Islamist
militant group al-Shabaab
00:30:33
threatened violence against anyone
watching the games the danger was
00:30:40
especially high and 2010 the
militants controlled most of
00:30:46
Mogadishu they searched the city for
anyone trying to secretly watch the
00:30:53
soccer games but the 2018
World Cup has been different
00:31:00
so far there have been no reported attacks
on Somalis watching the games on T.V.
00:31:06
In public or private people in Mogadishu
have been gathering to watch the
00:31:13
World Cup inside hotels restaurants
and government centers.
00:31:20
So Malia's security ministry spokesman
said at the changes because of improved
00:31:26
security he added that there is
00:31:29
a greater willingness of people to
ignore what he calls the terrorists
00:31:35
psychological war. Believes
that sports are an
00:31:42
Islamic and
00:31:43
a waste of time. Militants killed
2 people watching the World Cup
00:31:50
match in
00:31:50
a movie theater in 262010
the militant group
00:31:57
bombed 2 World Cup parties in Uganda's
capital Kampala killing more than
00:32:04
70 people but an increase in the
number of Somali government soldiers
00:32:10
African Union peacekeepers
and private guards has made
00:32:15
a Somali feel safer about enjoying
the World Cup and public the
00:32:22
threat of attack has not entirely
ended in April at least 5 people were
00:32:29
killed and to 10 others entered
after a bomb exploded during
00:32:34
a soccer game in the city of
Boro away in the last 5 years
00:32:41
has bombed or shot up more than 20
hotels and restaurants in Mogadishu
00:32:48
but it is becoming harder to keep Somalis
away from the country's favorite sport
00:32:55
high speed internet and satellite T.V.
00:32:59
Have become more common in the past few
years this permits more people to watch
00:33:06
games from the privacy of
their homes Khadija Mohammad
00:33:11
a Derian A is Somalia's minister
for youth and sport. She believes
00:33:17
sports and other forms of entertainment
will distract you from pursuing extremist
00:33:24
ideology and the deadly
migration to Europe.
00:33:46
And. As
00:33:51
a child Timothy Twix Ward
fought he was normal
00:33:58
but his family saw something
special about him Ward is
00:34:04
a member of the San Carlos Apache
tribe in the south western state
00:34:11
Arizona it wasn't until I got
older that I knew who I was
00:34:18
that I was different from
everyone else Ward said Ward
00:34:24
identifies not as a man or
00:34:26
a woman but both and
neither Twix Ward is or
00:34:33
to spirit the term was 1st used in when
00:34:40
a peg Canada during
00:34:42
a 1990 intertribal conference
of Native American 1st
00:34:49
Nations gays and lesbians
taken from the Ojibway
00:34:55
language the term was chosen to serve for
all native american people who do not
00:35:02
fit into traditional gender
roles. To spirit to people are
00:35:09
not L.G.
00:35:10
B T Q Although some 2
spirited people are L G
00:35:17
B T Q said Ward Ward added that
00:35:22
a real to spirit is someone who
understands Native American culture and
00:35:29
traditions Ward lives a year round in
00:35:33
a traditional Apache house and takes
part in traditional ceremonies
00:35:40
Ward also makes traditional clothing
for ceremonies marking the change from
00:35:47
girlhood to womanhood I try to
teach the girls what the dress
00:35:54
is for the meaning behind it
in their ceremony Ward said
00:36:01
not everyone in the community except
ward and the 2 spirit admits to
00:36:08
loneliness some people that claim
to be traditional are upset with
00:36:15
me because they think I'm acting like
I know more than them Ward said Ward
00:36:22
wears the traditional clothing and face
paint markings that identify 2 spirits
00:36:30
in South Dakota 2000 kilometers
away Kelly been identified
00:36:37
as
00:36:37
a 2 spirit bisexual born on
the Lower Brule reservation
00:36:45
she now lives in the city of Sue
falls to spirits are people who can
00:36:52
balance both their male and their
female sides she said Dad taught
00:36:59
us girls to do anything that
00:37:01
a man can do but she said she still has
00:37:06
a girl side. I can wear
00:37:08
a dress put makeup on and
go out like Ward bangun
00:37:15
believes only natives who understand
their traditions can claim to
00:37:22
spirit identity the 2 Spirit
does not believe the term should
00:37:29
ever be used to describe
non natives New York City
00:37:35
musician and activist Tony a nose presents
00:37:40
a different understanding of 2
spirit ino Zz was raised in
00:37:46
a racially mixed family in Pennsylvania
he identifies as to spirit
00:37:53
because of his father's Cherokee
ancestors before calling
00:37:59
ization we were balance keepers we
were the only ones that could move
00:38:06
between the men's and
women's camps there was
00:38:10
a special role for this blessing to
be able to see life through male and
00:38:17
female eyes and that's what the 2
spirit movement is all about he said
00:38:24
reclaiming the special position
2 spirits held in pre-colonial
00:38:30
tribal communities but is that
even possible much of what
00:38:37
is known about historic 2 spirits
comes from books written by Western
00:38:44
missionaries and ethnography years
those writers called to spirits
00:38:51
by the insulting word bird dash
and Arabic word for slave boys
00:38:59
in some tribes 2 spirits were
honored as healers see years
00:39:06
and name givers. 2 Spirits of the. Peoples
00:39:13
of California were diggers of burial
places they were believed to be guided
00:39:20
by the dead. Susan. And I'm Dorothy Gandy.
00:40:03
Hundreds of amateur citizen scientists
have begun studying the Pacific northwest
00:40:10
area of the United States they are
seeking to learn more about the nearly
00:40:16
30 species of bumble bees that
live there bumble bees are
00:40:23
important for the growth of wild
and agricultural plants they help
00:40:29
spread the substances that make it possible
for flowers to reproduce through the
00:40:35
process known as pollination but
some Bumblebee species have
00:40:41
disappeared from the places where they
were once common the new 3 year long
00:40:48
research effort is known as the Pacific
Northwest Bumblebee Atlas project
00:40:56
organizations in Idaho Oregon and
Washington are working together as part
00:41:03
of it. Researchers hope to collect
enough information to suggest ways to
00:41:09
protect bumble bees and their habitat
and Potter works with the Washington
00:41:16
Department of Fish and Wildlife she told
The Associated Press it is important
00:41:23
for humans to study honey bees the little
guys that make the world go around
00:41:31
rich Hatfield works with the conservation
group the searches society he noted
00:41:38
that there is growing interest in returning
the habitats for pollinators to their
00:41:43
earlier healthier conditions the
project's leadership is sending citizen
00:41:50
scientists to selected one hectare
sites they will have tools to capture
00:41:56
insects as well as plant and to be
guides the amateur researchers will
00:42:03
also have
00:42:04
a special application or app on
their smartphones the app makes it
00:42:11
so that findings can be recorded
photographed mapped and sent to
00:42:17
a central database Researchers say
00:42:21
a little more than 200 people have agreed
to visit 400 sites through the end of
00:42:27
August Hatfield said more volunteers
are needed especially to work in more
00:42:34
difficult to reach areas for the
Study the bees are captured and put
00:42:41
in a low temperature container
so that they go into
00:42:44
a sleep like state photos are taken
that examined the condition of the bees
00:42:52
the bees are then released unharmed
once they warm up unlike honey bees
00:42:58
bumblebees do not spend the winter living
in their self-made structures known as
00:43:04
hives. Instead they usually spend
the winter in holes in the ground
00:43:11
there are usually only
00:43:13
a few 100 individual bumble bees
left alive by the time fall arrives
00:43:19
any honey they produce they eat when
winter begins all bumble bees die
00:43:26
except
00:43:27
a few pregnant queen bees in the
spring those queens head out alone to
00:43:34
start
00:43:34
a new structure to live and produce worker
bees in beginning the process all over
00:43:41
again and any Mela fabulous is
with Oregon State University
00:43:48
his research interest centers on this
period of bumblebees lives when they live
00:43:53
alone here's a species that
spends a big part of its life as
00:43:59
a vulnerable queen he said honey bees
1st came to the United States from
00:44:06
Europe people brought them in order to
help with the pollination of their crops
00:44:13
but when it comes to native North American
plants and some crops bumble bees are
00:44:19
much more useful they are much stronger
and can hold on to an entire flower
00:44:26
shaking loose the necessary substance for
plant reproduction for some plant species
00:44:33
the bumble bee is the only insect strong
enough to do so the Western Bumblebee was
00:44:40
once considered common and widespread but
it has since disappeared from many of
00:44:47
the areas it once lived in and experts
for the current study are hoping to find
00:44:53
reasons for the sudden decrease in
western Bumblebee populations Ross
00:44:59
Winton of Idaho Fish and Game admitted
that scientists do not know much about
00:45:06
bumblebees. The more we learn the
more concerned we get he added
00:45:13
in the end the Pacific Northwest Bumblebee
Atlas could be an example for other
00:45:19
states interested in learning more about
how their Bumblebee populations are doing
00:45:26
well
00:45:26
a fabulous said I think everyone is looking
at the Pacific Northwest and this initiative
00:45:33
as a test case the U.S.
00:45:36
Fish and Wildlife Service is paying for
the research done in Idaho and Washington
00:45:43
in Oregon another government group called
the Foundation for food and agricultural
00:45:49
research is providing financial
support I'm Pete Musto.
00:46:07
Welcome to the making of the
Nation American history in V.O.A.
00:46:12
Special English I'm Bob Doty with Steve
ember we continue the story of the
00:46:19
administration of Herbert Hoover and
we talk about the election of 1930
00:46:26
to.
00:46:34
60. President Herbert
Hoover worked hard to
00:46:40
rescue the American economy following
that crash the stock market it happened
00:46:47
in October of 1929 within
00:46:51
a month Hoover called the nation's business
leaders to the White House don't lower
00:46:58
wages the president told them. Hoover
called on the bankers at the Federal
00:47:05
Reserve to make it easier for
businesses to borrow money he tried to
00:47:11
provide funds to help farmers get
fair prices for their crops he
00:47:18
pushed Congress to lower
personal taxes and above all the
00:47:25
president urged Americans not to
lose hope in their economy or in
00:47:31
themselves book The economy
was in ruins falling faster
00:47:38
with each passing day of the crisis
that grew into the Great Depression the
00:47:45
value of stocks had collapsed
millions of workers lost their jobs
00:47:52
the level of industrial production in the
country was less than half of what it had
00:47:59
been before the stock market
crash Hoover's efforts were not
00:48:05
enough to stop the growing crisis in
ever greater numbers people called
00:48:12
on the president to increase federal
spending and provide jobs for people
00:48:19
out of work but the president was
00:48:23
a conservative Republican he did not
think it was the responsibility of the
00:48:30
federal government to provide relief
for poor Americans and he thought it
00:48:37
was wrong to increase spending above the
amount of money that the government
00:48:43
received in taxes the situation
seemed out of control the
00:48:49
nation's government than business leaders
appeared to have no idea how to save the
00:48:56
dollar and put people back to work.
Hoover was willing to take steps like
00:49:03
spending government money to help
farmers buy seeds and fertilizer but
00:49:10
he was not willing to give wheat to
unemployed workers who were hungry
00:49:17
he created and them urgency committee
to study the unemployment problem
00:49:24
but he would not launch government
programs to create jobs Hoover
00:49:31
called on Americans to help their
friends in need but he resisted
00:49:37
calls to spend federal funds for
major relief programs to help the
00:49:44
millions of Americans facing
disaster leaders of the
00:49:51
Democratic Party made the most of the
situation they accused the president
00:49:58
of not caring about the common man
they said Hoover was willing to spend
00:50:05
money to feed starving cattle for
businessmen but not willing to feed poor
00:50:12
children Hoover tried to show the
nation that he was dealing with
00:50:18
a crisis he worked with Congress
to try to save the banks and to
00:50:25
keep the dollar tied to the value of
gold he tried hard to balance the
00:50:32
federal budget and he told Americans
that it was not the responsibility
00:50:39
of the national government
to solve all their problems.
00:50:49
Later in 1931 President Hoover appointed
00:50:53
a new committee on unemployment he
named Walter Gifford to head this
00:51:00
committee. Gifford was chief of
00:51:03
a big company American Telephone
and Telegraph but Gifford did
00:51:10
Hoover more harm than good when he
appeared before Congress Gifford
00:51:16
was unable to defend Hoover's
position that relief was the response
00:51:23
ability of local governments and
private giving he admitted that
00:51:30
he did not know how many people were
out of work he did not know how
00:51:37
many of them needed help or
how much help they needed or
00:51:44
how much money local governments
could raise the situation grew
00:51:51
worse some Americans began to completely
lose faith in their government
00:51:58
they look to groups with extreme
political ideas to provide answers
00:52:05
some Americans joined the Communist
Party others helped elect state leaders
00:52:12
with extreme political ideas
and in growing numbers people
00:52:18
began to turn to hatred and
violence however most Americans
00:52:25
remained loyal to traditional values
even as conditions grew steadily
00:52:32
worse they looked ahead to
1932 when they would have
00:52:38
a chance to vote for
00:52:40
a new president. Leaders of the
Democratic Party felt they had an
00:52:46
excellent chance to capture the White
House in the election and their hopes
00:52:53
increased when the Republicans re nominated
President Hoover and vice president
00:52:59
Charles Curtis in the summer
of 1932 for this reason
00:53:06
competition was fierce for the Democratic
presidential nomination but top
00:53:12
candidate was Franklin Delano Roosevelt
the governor of New York State
00:53:19
Roosevelt had been reelected
to that office by
00:53:24
a large majority just 2
years earlier he came from
00:53:29
a rich and famous family
but he was seen as
00:53:34
a friend of the common man
Roosevelt was conservative in his
00:53:40
economic thinking but he was
00:53:43
a progressive in his opinion that government
should be active in helping people
00:53:51
Roosevelt had suffered from polio
and could not walk he used
00:53:57
a wheelchair although it was
really shown in news pictures
00:54:04
Franklin Delano Roosevelt 2 main
opponents were Al Smith and John Garner
00:54:12
Smith had been the governor of
New York before Roosevelt garner
00:54:18
a Texan was the speaker of the House
of Representatives together they hoped
00:54:25
to block Roosevelt's nomination and
they succeeded the 1st 3 times
00:54:32
that delegates voted at the Democratic
nominating convention in Chicago.
00:54:39
Roosevelt's chief political adviser James
Farley worked hard to find Roosevelt
00:54:46
the votes he needed at the
convention finally Farley found
00:54:52
a solution he made
00:54:55
a deal where the supporters of John
Garner Roosevelt would make garner the
00:55:01
vice presidential nominee if garners
forces voted to make Roosevelt the
00:55:08
presidential nominee Garner
agreed and on the next vote the
00:55:14
Democratic delegates nominated Franklin
Roosevelt to be their presidential
00:55:20
candidate Al Smith was so angry
about the deal that he left
00:55:26
Chicago without congratulating
Roosevelt Roosevelt wanted to show the
00:55:33
nation that he was the kind of man
to take action that he had more
00:55:39
imagination than Hoover so he broke
tradition and flew to Chicago
00:55:47
it was the 1st time a candidate had
ever appeared at a convention to accept
00:55:53
a nomination. And Roosevelt told the
cheering crowd that together they
00:56:00
would defeat Hoover.
00:56:09
The main issue in the campaign of
1932 was the economy President
00:56:15
Hoover defended his policies Roosevelt
and the Democrats attacked the
00:56:22
administration for not taking enough
action Roosevelt knew that most
00:56:28
Americans were unhappy with the Hoover
administration so his plan during
00:56:35
the campaign was to let Hoover
defeat himself. He avoided saying
00:56:42
anything that might make groups of
voters think he was too extreme but
00:56:49
Roosevelt did make clear that he would
move the federal government into action to
00:56:56
help people suffering from the
economic crisis he said he was for
00:57:02
a balanced federal budget but he
also said the government must be
00:57:09
willing to spend extra money to
prevent people from starving
00:57:17
Americans liked what they heard from
Franklin Roosevelt he seemed strong he
00:57:24
enjoyed life and Roosevelt seemed
willing to try new ideas to
00:57:30
experiment with government Hoover
attacked Roosevelt bitterly during the
00:57:36
campaign he warned that Roosevelt
and the Democrats would destroy the
00:57:43
American system but Americans were
tired of Hoover they thought he
00:57:49
was too serious too afraid of change
too friendly with business leaders
00:57:57
instead of the working man most of
all they blamed Hoover for the hard
00:58:03
times of the Depression on
Election Day Americans voted in
00:58:10
huge numbers for Franklin Roosevelt
and the Democrats Roosevelt
00:58:17
won $42.00 of the $48.00 states
at that time the Democrats also
00:58:23
gained
00:58:24
a large majority in both houses
of Congress the election
00:58:31
ended 12 years of Republican rule in
the White House it also marked the
00:58:38
passing of
00:58:39
a long conservative period in American
political life. Franklin Delano
00:58:46
Roosevelt would become one of the strongest
and most progressive presidents in the
00:58:51
nation's history he would serve longer
than any other president changing the
00:58:58
face of America's political
and economic systems.
00:59:06
And that's our program for today listen
again tomorrow to learn English 3 stories
00:59:13
from around the world I'm Jonathan
Evans and I'm Ashley Thompson.
00:59:30
You're. From Washington
D.C. Is real we knew.
00:00:00
I mean those who support President Reagan.
And those who do not everyone is adored
00:00:05
by his supporters for his conservative
values vast infrastructure projects and
00:00:10
strong security stance but his critics say
he rules with an iron fist and accuse
00:00:15
him of corruption and mismanaging the
economy reporting from Istanbul I'm Heather
00:00:20
Murdoch the only news and election observation
mission from the Organization for
00:00:24
Security and Cooperation in Europe
found Monday that the election was not
00:00:28
fraudulent but the conditions for campaigning
were not equal the group said earlier
00:00:33
one enjoyed undue advantage including
in excessive coverage by government
00:00:38
affiliated public and private media outlets
nearly all media into Ricky is under
00:00:43
the direct or indirect control of Earl
Warren and his supporters Europe and China
00:00:49
have decided to work together to modernize
global trade rules Associated Press
00:00:53
correspondent Charles Dillard has more
reports Jante is to address areas like
00:00:57
government subsidies fast moving changes
in tech policy and all the emerging
00:01:02
complaints in
00:01:03
a bid to preserve support for international
commerce the European Commission says
00:01:07
disputes of the steel and China's technology
shifts in particular highlight the
00:01:12
need to modernize the will trade organization
to reflect developments in the world
00:01:16
economy I'm sure also with us from floods
and landslides triggered by torrential
00:01:20
rains have killed at least 9 people since
Saturday in northern Vietnam this is
00:01:26
V.O.A.
00:01:27
New. The American motorcycle maker Harley
Davidson has announced that spiraling
00:01:33
costs from tariffs have led it to begin
shifting production of its vehicles headed
00:01:38
for Europe to overseas
factories a company said in
00:01:41
a regulatory filing Monday that E.U.
00:01:44
Tariffs on its motorcycles exported from
the United States jumped between 6 and 31
00:01:50
percent it said that translates into an
additional cost of about $2200.00 for each
00:01:57
motorcycle exported to the European Union
Iran has banned the importation of more
00:02:03
than 1300 products as it prepares its
economy to resist threatened American
00:02:09
sanctions efforts to find and rescue 12
teenage soccer players and their coach from
00:02:14
a flooded cave complex in Thailand entered
their 3rd day Monday but there already
00:02:20
is believe the team is trapped by rising
waters caused by heavy rains Ethiopian
00:02:25
state affiliated media reports the United
States will send agents from the Federal
00:02:29
Bureau of Investigation to look at the
deadly bombing in Addis Ababa on Saturday
00:02:36
President Trump is not backing down from
his beliefs that people caught trying to
00:02:41
illegally cross the border
should not get legal due process
00:02:49
in Zimbabwe an explosion believed to be
an assassination attempt as left at least
00:02:54
one person dead 49 people injured during a
campaign rally on Saturday in Borno Y.-O.
00:03:01
2 people were killed 150 others injured in
an explosion in Addis Ababa for the new
00:03:07
prime minister I'll be automated. And
President Hu Hurrell Kenyatta in Kenya has
00:03:12
inspected the Nairobi standard gauge
railway calling for its completion by June
00:03:17
29th teen the top story of the hour the
Turkish president rejecting up arrow on has
00:03:23
been declared the winner of Sunday's
close election the election observation
00:03:28
mission from the Organization for Security
and Cooperation in Europe found Monday
00:03:33
that the election was not fraudulent but
the conditions for campaigning were not
00:03:37
equal Erda ones main challengers had
warned during their campaigns that the new
00:03:43
presidential powers that arrow on is
getting now were tantamount to any elected
00:03:48
dictatorship
00:03:50
a charge dismissed by the president however
the observation group said that aired
00:03:55
on did enjoy undue advantage including
in excessive coverage by government
00:04:00
affiliated public and private media outlets
you can find more on these and other
00:04:05
late breaking and developing stories from
around the world around the clock at v 00
00:04:11
a new dot com and on the V.O.A.
00:04:15
News mobile app I'm
Christopher Cruz V.O.A.
00:04:19
New. That's the latest world news from B O
00:04:26
J.
00:04:36
It is Monday June 25th and this is via
ways international edition I'm Sarah
00:04:41
Williams in Washington coming up Turkish
president Rajib Tayyip Erdogan wins
00:04:47
a big election victory we get
00:04:49
a 1st hand account of the situation
on the US Mexico border and
00:04:53
a Michigan Muslim American candidate
hopes to win election to the U.S.
00:04:58
Congress it's all.
00:05:18
Turkish president. Has secured his hold
on power winning more than 52 percent of
00:05:24
the vote in which was the country's most
contested presidential and parliamentary
00:05:29
election in recent years speaking to
thousands of supporters at is a K.P.
00:05:34
Headquarters and in
00:05:36
a predawn appearance Monday earlier
one described Sunday's election as
00:05:40
a victory for democracy.
He said The winner of this
00:05:47
election is democracy our nation winners
of this election are everyone 1000000
00:05:53
citizens I want to thank you all who went
to the polls today in this democracy
00:05:58
Festival which has had the highest turnout
in our history or one now as soon as the
00:06:03
sweeping new powers passed in
00:06:05
a 2017 constitutional referendum which
was marred by fraud allegations reporter
00:06:12
Dorian Jones is in Istanbul I asked him why
are the won was successful in defeating
00:06:17
the opposition let alone the question of
the opposition are asking they really felt
00:06:22
that they did have
00:06:23
a real shot be preventing him from securing
an overall majority in the round and
00:06:28
bolting. Ronnell but I think what has really
been revealed is the case that the 116
00:06:33
years in power he's supporters have proved
to be wrong markedly loyal they believed
00:06:39
in many ways that the benefits and rights
of quickly the religious section of the
00:06:44
Turkish society have benefited on the road
they want and they fear if he were to
00:06:48
leave power those rights would be at risk
and I think in many ways this moral T.
00:06:53
Has on the school the 116 years of power
there has to be said that loyalty was put
00:06:58
to the test in this election it's called
00:07:00
a very last last campaign very
uncharacteristically is normally
00:07:04
a giant of campaigning not this time and
this campaign was dominated by economic
00:07:09
concerns alling heavy pulls on the currency
and emergency rate hikes in interest
00:07:14
rates despite all that he still prevails
because I have read though that his
00:07:18
supporters like what he's doing with the
economy well the economy has been very
00:07:24
robust and growth from Tokyo has one of
the fastest growing up colonies in the
00:07:27
world at around $0.07 up until the last
few months there is growing concerns that
00:07:33
the major economic storms on the horizon
the Turkish currency has been seen as
00:07:37
extremely vulnerable and that's because the
the government of borrowed hundreds of
00:07:42
billions of dollars to finance these
huge mega projects which have provided
00:07:46
a lot of jobs
00:07:47
a lot of construction of the same time have
run up turkeys and made the current the
00:07:52
barn robot and that's what happened the
currency plummeted heavily Vestas of lost
00:07:56
confidence and Turkey now has among the
highest interest rates in the world and the
00:08:00
expectation in the coming months
Turkey will be heading to
00:08:03
a recession that recession hasn't yet and
many people believe that is what one
00:08:09
calls not election 18 months early to avoid
being running in an economic recession
00:08:15
and that is another factor why this also
why he voters did stay remain loyal
00:08:20
because he has delivered jobs and prosperity
for 16 years and they still believe
00:08:24
his promises that he will continue to
do stuff you know apparently he will be
00:08:28
assuming. New executive powers how will
his rule change well as another one is to
00:08:35
be probably the most powerful elected
leader in the world he will be able to rule
00:08:39
by decree woodchucks
00:08:40
a force of law he appoints all the ministers
who are now directly accountable to
00:08:45
him he also chooses most of the country's
top judges on Parliament's role has been
00:08:51
severely diminished the role of prime
minister has gone so there all seem to be
00:08:54
very few checks that his alibi of one insists
though he democratically elected and
00:08:59
these new sweeping powers will allow him
to carry out the wishes of the electorate
00:09:03
the opposition say this is tantamount to
an elected dictatorship there have been
00:09:08
a crackdowns on his political opponents as
well as on journalists is that something
00:09:13
that is expected to continue Well President
there is one and his victory address
00:09:18
said the war against Turkey's terroristic
threats would continue and since the 2016
00:09:25
failed coup we have seen tens of thousands
of our rights over 100 journalists being
00:09:30
jailed more than 200000 people have lost
their jobs although some being reinstated
00:09:35
under the ongoing crackdown but I want to
promise that there will be no letup in
00:09:39
the critics say that much of
this crackdown as in being
00:09:43
a the people who are conspiring against
the government genuine critics of
00:09:47
government dispute that the
message from the president is
00:09:50
a crackdown will continue as is the
founder of modern churchy Mustapha Kemal
00:09:54
Ataturk formed
00:09:56
a secular country is Erwan continuing that
or is he ruling back on that well that
00:10:02
certainly has been the case in the of the
early years the phrase rule he did grow
00:10:06
and so he did break down many controls
for example banning the women of wearing
00:10:10
head scarves in public places state
institutions quite universities and all cults
00:10:15
that was feared to be opposing
a greater risk of designing
00:10:19
a citation but countries but all those all
because this is purely about religious
00:10:23
freedom going forward we have
seen in the recent years
00:10:25
a massive expansion in religious schools
they called him up. It they are hopeful
00:10:30
but also they can book
00:10:31
a whole education based on the
political education that house holds
00:10:36
a lot of concern but one
has to be that there is
00:10:38
a voice in the criticism coming from his
own ranks about direction the country is
00:10:42
going it. Will continue to
pursue but. Think that in
00:10:47
a. Lot of something to me with
sweeping power it will be. The
00:10:54
question of the future of the secular state
durian Jones reporting from Istanbul
00:10:59
Meanwhile an election observation mission
found Monday that enough voters had
00:11:04
a genuine presidential election in Turkey
the conditions for campaigning were not
00:11:09
equal the Organization for Security
and Cooperation in Europe said in
00:11:14
a preliminary statement Monday the incumbent
in joint undue advantage including an
00:11:19
excessive coverage by government affiliated
public and private media outlets and
00:11:25
a joint statement released later E.U.
00:11:27
Diplomatic chief Frederica mug and large
man commissioner Johan Hahn cited the
00:11:33
results of the mission refusing to
congratulate Turkey's president without
00:11:37
referring to him by name. Here are
some of the top news stories that are
00:11:44
trending Ethiopia says the United States
will send federal investigators to probe
00:11:50
a deadly blast and Addis Ababa
00:11:53
a search continues in Thailand for
missing teenagers and a coach in
00:11:57
a flooded cave and the location of
00:12:00
a sunken Indonesian ferry has been identified
expanded coverage of these stories
00:12:05
and more on the V.O.A.
00:12:07
News dot com website this is.
00:12:14
This is in
00:12:15
a minute. Scientists say our sun has
been shining for about the last
00:12:22
4500000000 years the Sun is expected to
have enough hydrogen fuel in its core to
00:12:27
shine for about another 5000000000 years
along with producing solar energy this
00:12:33
nuclear fusion is creating helium once the
sun runs out of hydrogen it will start
00:12:39
fusing the helium and begin another
5000000000 year process that will eventually
00:12:44
result in the suns that the helium fusion
process because the sun to expand and
00:12:49
transform itself into
00:12:51
a red giant star according to one who study
as the red giant expands it will lose
00:12:57
mass and expel gas and
dust which will form
00:13:00
a massive glowing ring called the
planetary nebula the sun will be
00:13:04
a white dwarf by then and will
eventually I feel ways Rick pencil
00:13:10
a will. This
00:13:17
is international edition on The Voice
of America I'm sorry Williams coming up
00:13:23
a Muslim American woman wants to
represent Michigan and the U.S.
00:13:27
Congress will have
00:13:28
a report. President
00:13:36
Donald Trump on Monday again assail
judicial review for illegal border crossers
00:13:41
contending that the migrants ought to
immediately be sent back to their homelands
00:13:45
the American Civil Liberties
Union said Sunday that the U.S.
00:13:49
Leaders call to end legal hearings for
undocumented immigrants seeking asylum in
00:13:54
the U.S. Was unconstitutional
but Trump rejected that view in
00:13:58
a pair of Twitter comments he wrote
hiring many thousands of judges and going
00:14:04
through
00:14:05
a long and complicated legal process is not
the way to go will always be disfunctional
00:14:11
he said people must simply be stopped at
the border and told they cannot come into
00:14:15
the U.S.
00:14:16
Illegally he contended that if children
and their parents are sent home illegal
00:14:21
immigration will be stopped in its tracks
and very little by comparison costs this
00:14:26
is the only real answer and we must continue
to build the wall the United States
00:14:32
for years has granted court hearings to
migrants fling violence in Mexico and
00:14:36
Central American countries and from
elsewhere in the world and those who are
00:14:40
looking for better economic fortunes in the
United States last week Trump signed an
00:14:46
executive order maintaining his 0 tolerance
policy of detaining and prosecuting
00:14:51
everyone entering the country illegally but
ending the process the practice rather
00:14:56
of separating immigrant parents and
children the away immigration reporter
00:15:01
a lead Barrow's has just returned to
Washington from spending last week at the US
00:15:05
Mexico border in Brownsville and Macallan
Texas I asked her for her impression. Of
00:15:11
conditions in those border towns 1st of
all thanks for having me I appreciate you
00:15:16
having me the overall thoughts it's well
you get there 1st of all when you get to
00:15:20
a port of entry you think there's this line
of people try to come in and that's not
00:15:24
what I saw when we were in Brownsville
and the port of entry there is
00:15:28
a small town folks coming in
and out you know the U.S.
00:15:33
You see cars with Mexican tags you see cars
with Texans tags going over the border
00:15:38
you see people coming for shop like they
will go to Wal-Mart I saw people going to
00:15:42
Ra's and all those small clothing stores
that they were there and just just regular
00:15:48
folks you know crossing the bridge and
being part of the the canonical aspect of
00:15:55
that local small town so they can they go
back and forth that's what I saw yes yes
00:16:00
now the people that are coming the migrants
they are they are not Mexican they are
00:16:05
from Central America most of them well
most of them you do you still have some
00:16:10
Mexicans trying to cross but overall people
coming out from under what has also led
00:16:15
to a lot of Mala and a lot of the
stories are you know I heard from
00:16:19
a father saying I asked him why why
did you come and he said there's
00:16:24
a lot of evil there's a lot of gangs and
I wanted a better future for my son
00:16:28
a mother that I spoke with I asked her if
she had heard about all the things that's
00:16:33
happening and she said if I had known about
this journey I wouldn't have come it
00:16:37
was really hard and then another mother
who said that she would do it all over
00:16:42
again because her kids they are what
matter to her so we think that you know
00:16:48
there's is perception that they know
what's happening here that they know that
00:16:52
their kids may be taken away that they
know the journey is very complicated and
00:16:57
difficult but for the people that we
interviewed they actually do not know they
00:17:01
understand it will be difficult but they
don't know what to expect and I'll give
00:17:05
you an example one of the fathers that we
spoke with he was with his 16 year old
00:17:10
and. He said he got robbed at when he got
to Mexico and then when he tried to cross
00:17:15
over you know the bridge in and get there
and ask for help he wasn't allowed to so
00:17:21
he came back and the chaotic is which you
know those are people who are sort of
00:17:25
like observing you see if you're trying
to cross and then they'll come to you and
00:17:29
say hey I can cross you just pay me X.
00:17:31
Amount of money so one of these people
approached the group that he was with when
00:17:36
they got to the border literally to cross
over the river the guy robbed him again
00:17:41
and the group that he was with and at that
moment when he's telling me the story I
00:17:45
mean you can see the anxiety you can see
how emotional he got he Those his words
00:17:51
exactly in Spanish were I thought the
something bad was going to happen at that
00:17:55
moment so literally the people I can
speak for everyone but the people who we
00:18:01
interviewed they had no idea they they
didn't understand that they would go if they
00:18:07
would go to detention for instance OK They
simply didn't understand that another
00:18:13
idea that
00:18:14
a perception that that I sort of think that
some people have is that they understand
00:18:19
what asylum is I asked
00:18:20
a few people Sol do you plan to apply for
asylum and all of them and those are
00:18:25
people in different like moments of the
strip right want to interview and choose
00:18:29
they would allow an interview on Wednesday
their answer was what's asylum can you
00:18:33
tell me more about this so they don't
even understand that that could be
00:18:38
dispositive billet of stain a U.S.
00:18:41
If they claim credible fear so we have
this perception that they come here with
00:18:45
a plan that they know what they're going
to do that they're going to the sanction
00:18:49
the people that I spoke with simply had
no idea were you able to get near any of
00:18:53
the detention facility yes yes we went to
the one in Brownsville from southwest to
00:18:59
key programs where more than 1400 minors
and boys are being held there we walked
00:19:05
around there's quite
00:19:05
a police presence there they're driving
cruising to make sure that you don't go
00:19:10
near the door because. You cannot even go
near the door Believe or not there's like
00:19:14
Keep Out signs all around this big
parking lot because you used to be
00:19:18
a Wal-Mart so you can see this huge warehouse
everything closed there's no windows
00:19:23
there's no glass doors you cannot see through
anything it's very well protected the
00:19:28
parking lot is pretty packed their
car is everywhere so there's
00:19:32
a lot of people either working
or visiting that place there is
00:19:36
a small shopping center around so
you have a pizza place you have
00:19:40
a McDonald's you have sandwich place so
you have people there you know that sort
00:19:47
of depend on the employees
working that is this there's
00:19:50
a tension center we went inside of the
businesses one of the business small
00:19:53
businesses and we said well how would you
see it and he told he didn't want to go
00:19:58
on camera with us but he did say while you
see those vans and they are the ones to
00:20:03
transport the children we see that we
see them driving this around every time
00:20:08
there's a new one will common we see the
kids going inside of the warehouse and
00:20:13
a lot of the business that we are able to
have in here is because of this detention
00:20:17
facility the only emigration reporter
Allen a barrister this is the L.A.
00:20:23
. Breaks the away for good behavior you
00:20:30
bring you news as it happens listen to
Africa NEWS TONIGHT Monday through Friday at
00:20:37
161800 U.T.C.
00:20:40
And our 5 minute newscast to you at the
top of each hour we'll wait I work out
00:20:47
you're
00:20:47
a trusted source of information. This
00:20:57
is LARRY like the host of the
always border. I think your
00:21:04
music and interviews with your favorite
artists from all around the world and you
00:21:07
can not only listen but you can interact
live with us here in Washington D.C.
00:21:12
. Border crossings come
Monday through Friday
00:21:19
at 1500 you. Feel way.
00:21:30
This is international edition about $100.00
Muslim Americans are running for public
00:21:36
office is this year many of them
Democrats hoping to be a part of
00:21:40
a blue wave in the congressional midterm
elections in November the airways Cain
00:21:45
fair about has been following one former
Michigan State legislator who has her eyes
00:21:50
on making it to the U.S.
00:21:52
Congress so much so that she was out on the
campaign trail all through the month of
00:21:57
Ramadan he found that she's focusing less
on her gender and her religion and more
00:22:03
on addressing the needs of the community
she seeks to represent it's crazy through
00:22:08
the hottest hours. On blistering pavement
that could fry an egg nobody has
00:22:14
sprinklers on today she had to leave is
walking door to door in this Detroit
00:22:18
neighborhood in search of votes
yes so this is going to be
00:22:21
a pretty competitive Democratic primary and
she's doing so without eating any food
00:22:26
or drinking any water during the
day. That's because to leave is
00:22:31
a practicing Muslim which means she is
fasting during the holy month of Ramadan I
00:22:37
know that my faith comes up more on social
media because they're not face to face
00:22:43
with me but I'm
00:22:44
a door that don't get as much while
others would stay indoors in the air
00:22:48
conditioning to leave use it as an
opportunity to build name recognition as she
00:22:53
seeks to represent Michigan's
13th district in the U.S.
00:22:56
Congress people still can't pronounce my
name but they remember what I've done and
00:23:00
they remember that I've come to their
home to leave is no stranger to politics
00:23:04
having served in Michigan state legislature
she is the daughter of Palestinian
00:23:08
immigrants but on these Detroit streets in
00:23:11
a predominantly African-American
neighborhood she is
00:23:14
a local someone who was born here and
attended schools in the area but it's that
00:23:19
direct connection to the neighborhood
that I think people are much more. Cited
00:23:24
about Sheed knowledge is few of the people
she meets realize she is on the cusp of
00:23:30
making history again and I tell them you
know I'm the 1st Muslim woman ever elected
00:23:34
in the Michigan legislature and if elected
in this congressional race I'll be the
00:23:38
1st ever in Congress. And
no is she a possibility
00:23:44
a missed here is she is a
form of the candidate Osama's
00:23:48
a bloody is the publisher of the Dearborn
Michigan based Arab American News
00:23:53
a weekly publication targeting the large
Arab American population in southeastern
00:23:58
Michigan he says to leave his candidacy
and that of 2 other races prominently
00:24:03
featuring Muslim Americans
in Michigan shows
00:24:06
a new political awakening in the community
but we wanted one time in hiding you
00:24:11
know change you know what I'm aims in this
country and despite some gum but 11 this
00:24:16
by the. You know we are
moving forward this is
00:24:19
a pretty historic campaign people that are
supporting me from the Muslim in Tampa
00:24:23
who's like please when because if you
win we belong and I'm telling you we've
00:24:27
already won you absolutely belong I mean
so much bigger than. Me for to leave to
00:24:34
win she will need support outside the Arab
American community in Michigan most of
00:24:39
whom don't live in the district she seeks
to represent and can't vote for her to
00:24:43
leave faces several challengers seeking to
replace Congressman John Conyers Jr who
00:24:48
resigned in December amid allegations of
sexual misconduct the winner of the August
00:24:52
7th Democratic primary will likely head to
Congress next year as there is currently
00:24:57
no Republican running in the November
general election came from Bob Vila News
00:25:03
Detroit Michigan that is our show
please visit our website at V.O.A.
00:25:08
News dot com I'm Sarah Williams
thanks so much for joining us.
00:26:10
Next an editorial reflecting the views
of the United States government the
00:26:15
governments of the United States the United
Kingdom and Norway have called on all
00:26:20
warring parties in Darfur to lay down
their arms and work with international
00:26:24
peacekeepers to achieve
00:26:25
a permanent peace in 2003 armed opposition
in the Darfur region of western Sudan
00:26:31
began an insurrection against the
government in Khartoum in protest against
00:26:36
government policies that they claimed
discriminated against non Arabic populations
00:26:41
the government sent troops to fight the
uprising and also armed militias the gender
00:26:46
we need to fight the rebels but the gender
we'd were more interested in brutalizing
00:26:50
the civilian population resulting in
00:26:53
a humanitarian crisis that left hundreds
of thousands dead and 2000000 people
00:26:57
displaced in 2007
00:26:59
a combined African Union United Nations
hybrid operation in Darfur or union Ed was
00:27:05
deployed in Darfur to stabilize the
region several cease fire agreements were
00:27:10
signed as well as to peace agreements in
20062011 however 2 of the major opposition
00:27:16
groups Justice and Equality Movement Aber
heem and the Sudan Liberation Army Abdul
00:27:22
Wahid or. A dash A W refused to
sign the agreement as a dash
00:27:29
a W.
00:27:30
Has consistently rejected participation
in any peace agreement refused to declare
00:27:35
any unilateral cessation of hostilities
and is engaged in confrontations with
00:27:39
government forces us to ladies began anew
in March and the government increased its
00:27:44
troops and intensified the fighting finally
in mid June Sudanese government forces
00:27:49
and the Sudan Liberation Movement Abdel
Wahid clashed in central Darfur state again
00:27:54
forcing thousands of civilians to flee their
villages on June 19th the governments
00:27:59
of the United States the United
Kingdom and Norway issued
00:28:03
a written statement condemning the fighting
as well as intertribal violence in the
00:28:07
Jebel Mara region of Darfur the civilian
population continues to bear the brunt of
00:28:12
this unnecessary violence which has led
to the burning down of villages causing
00:28:16
high numbers of civilian injury and death
and the displacement of the only 9000
00:28:21
people said the statement there can be
no military solution to the conflict in
00:28:25
Darfur and the international community
should consider imposing sanctions against
00:28:29
those who continue to act as spoilers the
3 governments call on all parties to the
00:28:34
conflict to immediately cease all
military engagement and hostilities allow
00:28:39
unfettered humanitarian access and to
meaningfully engage with the African Union
00:28:44
high level implementation panel led
peace process in order to reach
00:28:48
a permanent cease fire the United States
continues to engage all parties to the
00:28:52
conflict to exercise restraint
engage in dialogue for
00:28:56
a negotiated solution. That was an editorial
reflecting the views of the United
00:29:03
States government.
00:29:33
Welcome to learning English
00:29:35
a daily 30 minute program from the Voice
of America I'm Jonathan Evans and I'm
00:29:42
Ashley THOMPSON This program is aimed
at English learners so we speak
00:29:48
a little slower and we use words and phrases
especially written for people learning
00:29:55
English. Today on the
00:30:01
program you will hear stories from Susan
chef and Dorothy Gandhi and peeped Musto
00:30:08
later we will present our American
history series The Making of
00:30:13
a nation but 1st. For
years people living in
00:30:20
Somalia's capital of Mogadishu wanting to
watch the World Cup on television have
00:30:26
done so at great risk the Islamist
militant group al-Shabaab
00:30:33
threatened violence against anyone
watching the games the danger was
00:30:40
especially high and 2010 the
militants controlled most of
00:30:46
Mogadishu they searched the city for
anyone trying to secretly watch the
00:30:53
soccer games but the 2018
World Cup has been different
00:31:00
so far there have been no reported attacks
on Somalis watching the games on T.V.
00:31:06
In public or private people in Mogadishu
have been gathering to watch the
00:31:13
World Cup inside hotels restaurants
and government centers.
00:31:20
So Malia's security ministry spokesman
said at the changes because of improved
00:31:26
security he added that there is
00:31:29
a greater willingness of people to
ignore what he calls the terrorists
00:31:35
psychological war. Believes
that sports are an
00:31:42
Islamic and
00:31:43
a waste of time. Militants killed
2 people watching the World Cup
00:31:50
match in
00:31:50
a movie theater in 262010
the militant group
00:31:57
bombed 2 World Cup parties in Uganda's
capital Kampala killing more than
00:32:04
70 people but an increase in the
number of Somali government soldiers
00:32:10
African Union peacekeepers
and private guards has made
00:32:15
a Somali feel safer about enjoying
the World Cup and public the
00:32:22
threat of attack has not entirely
ended in April at least 5 people were
00:32:29
killed and to 10 others entered
after a bomb exploded during
00:32:34
a soccer game in the city of
Boro away in the last 5 years
00:32:41
has bombed or shot up more than 20
hotels and restaurants in Mogadishu
00:32:48
but it is becoming harder to keep Somalis
away from the country's favorite sport
00:32:55
high speed internet and satellite T.V.
00:32:59
Have become more common in the past few
years this permits more people to watch
00:33:06
games from the privacy of
their homes Khadija Mohammad
00:33:11
a Derian A is Somalia's minister
for youth and sport. She believes
00:33:17
sports and other forms of entertainment
will distract you from pursuing extremist
00:33:24
ideology and the deadly
migration to Europe.
00:33:46
And. As
00:33:51
a child Timothy Twix Ward
fought he was normal
00:33:58
but his family saw something
special about him Ward is
00:34:04
a member of the San Carlos Apache
tribe in the south western state
00:34:11
Arizona it wasn't until I got
older that I knew who I was
00:34:18
that I was different from
everyone else Ward said Ward
00:34:24
identifies not as a man or
00:34:26
a woman but both and
neither Twix Ward is or
00:34:33
to spirit the term was 1st used in when
00:34:40
a peg Canada during
00:34:42
a 1990 intertribal conference
of Native American 1st
00:34:49
Nations gays and lesbians
taken from the Ojibway
00:34:55
language the term was chosen to serve for
all native american people who do not
00:35:02
fit into traditional gender
roles. To spirit to people are
00:35:09
not L.G.
00:35:10
B T Q Although some 2
spirited people are L G
00:35:17
B T Q said Ward Ward added that
00:35:22
a real to spirit is someone who
understands Native American culture and
00:35:29
traditions Ward lives a year round in
00:35:33
a traditional Apache house and takes
part in traditional ceremonies
00:35:40
Ward also makes traditional clothing
for ceremonies marking the change from
00:35:47
girlhood to womanhood I try to
teach the girls what the dress
00:35:54
is for the meaning behind it
in their ceremony Ward said
00:36:01
not everyone in the community except
ward and the 2 spirit admits to
00:36:08
loneliness some people that claim
to be traditional are upset with
00:36:15
me because they think I'm acting like
I know more than them Ward said Ward
00:36:22
wears the traditional clothing and face
paint markings that identify 2 spirits
00:36:30
in South Dakota 2000 kilometers
away Kelly been identified
00:36:37
as
00:36:37
a 2 spirit bisexual born on
the Lower Brule reservation
00:36:45
she now lives in the city of Sue
falls to spirits are people who can
00:36:52
balance both their male and their
female sides she said Dad taught
00:36:59
us girls to do anything that
00:37:01
a man can do but she said she still has
00:37:06
a girl side. I can wear
00:37:08
a dress put makeup on and
go out like Ward bangun
00:37:15
believes only natives who understand
their traditions can claim to
00:37:22
spirit identity the 2 Spirit
does not believe the term should
00:37:29
ever be used to describe
non natives New York City
00:37:35
musician and activist Tony a nose presents
00:37:40
a different understanding of 2
spirit ino Zz was raised in
00:37:46
a racially mixed family in Pennsylvania
he identifies as to spirit
00:37:53
because of his father's Cherokee
ancestors before calling
00:37:59
ization we were balance keepers we
were the only ones that could move
00:38:06
between the men's and
women's camps there was
00:38:10
a special role for this blessing to
be able to see life through male and
00:38:17
female eyes and that's what the 2
spirit movement is all about he said
00:38:24
reclaiming the special position
2 spirits held in pre-colonial
00:38:30
tribal communities but is that
even possible much of what
00:38:37
is known about historic 2 spirits
comes from books written by Western
00:38:44
missionaries and ethnography years
those writers called to spirits
00:38:51
by the insulting word bird dash
and Arabic word for slave boys
00:38:59
in some tribes 2 spirits were
honored as healers see years
00:39:06
and name givers. 2 Spirits of the. Peoples
00:39:13
of California were diggers of burial
places they were believed to be guided
00:39:20
by the dead. Susan. And I'm Dorothy Gandy.
00:40:03
Hundreds of amateur citizen scientists
have begun studying the Pacific northwest
00:40:10
area of the United States they are
seeking to learn more about the nearly
00:40:16
30 species of bumble bees that
live there bumble bees are
00:40:23
important for the growth of wild
and agricultural plants they help
00:40:29
spread the substances that make it possible
for flowers to reproduce through the
00:40:35
process known as pollination but
some Bumblebee species have
00:40:41
disappeared from the places where they
were once common the new 3 year long
00:40:48
research effort is known as the Pacific
Northwest Bumblebee Atlas project
00:40:56
organizations in Idaho Oregon and
Washington are working together as part
00:41:03
of it. Researchers hope to collect
enough information to suggest ways to
00:41:09
protect bumble bees and their habitat
and Potter works with the Washington
00:41:16
Department of Fish and Wildlife she told
The Associated Press it is important
00:41:23
for humans to study honey bees the little
guys that make the world go around
00:41:31
rich Hatfield works with the conservation
group the searches society he noted
00:41:38
that there is growing interest in returning
the habitats for pollinators to their
00:41:43
earlier healthier conditions the
project's leadership is sending citizen
00:41:50
scientists to selected one hectare
sites they will have tools to capture
00:41:56
insects as well as plant and to be
guides the amateur researchers will
00:42:03
also have
00:42:04
a special application or app on
their smartphones the app makes it
00:42:11
so that findings can be recorded
photographed mapped and sent to
00:42:17
a central database Researchers say
00:42:21
a little more than 200 people have agreed
to visit 400 sites through the end of
00:42:27
August Hatfield said more volunteers
are needed especially to work in more
00:42:34
difficult to reach areas for the
Study the bees are captured and put
00:42:41
in a low temperature container
so that they go into
00:42:44
a sleep like state photos are taken
that examined the condition of the bees
00:42:52
the bees are then released unharmed
once they warm up unlike honey bees
00:42:58
bumblebees do not spend the winter living
in their self-made structures known as
00:43:04
hives. Instead they usually spend
the winter in holes in the ground
00:43:11
there are usually only
00:43:13
a few 100 individual bumble bees
left alive by the time fall arrives
00:43:19
any honey they produce they eat when
winter begins all bumble bees die
00:43:26
except
00:43:27
a few pregnant queen bees in the
spring those queens head out alone to
00:43:34
start
00:43:34
a new structure to live and produce worker
bees in beginning the process all over
00:43:41
again and any Mela fabulous is
with Oregon State University
00:43:48
his research interest centers on this
period of bumblebees lives when they live
00:43:53
alone here's a species that
spends a big part of its life as
00:43:59
a vulnerable queen he said honey bees
1st came to the United States from
00:44:06
Europe people brought them in order to
help with the pollination of their crops
00:44:13
but when it comes to native North American
plants and some crops bumble bees are
00:44:19
much more useful they are much stronger
and can hold on to an entire flower
00:44:26
shaking loose the necessary substance for
plant reproduction for some plant species
00:44:33
the bumble bee is the only insect strong
enough to do so the Western Bumblebee was
00:44:40
once considered common and widespread but
it has since disappeared from many of
00:44:47
the areas it once lived in and experts
for the current study are hoping to find
00:44:53
reasons for the sudden decrease in
western Bumblebee populations Ross
00:44:59
Winton of Idaho Fish and Game admitted
that scientists do not know much about
00:45:06
bumblebees. The more we learn the
more concerned we get he added
00:45:13
in the end the Pacific Northwest Bumblebee
Atlas could be an example for other
00:45:19
states interested in learning more about
how their Bumblebee populations are doing
00:45:26
well
00:45:26
a fabulous said I think everyone is looking
at the Pacific Northwest and this initiative
00:45:33
as a test case the U.S.
00:45:36
Fish and Wildlife Service is paying for
the research done in Idaho and Washington
00:45:43
in Oregon another government group called
the Foundation for food and agricultural
00:45:49
research is providing financial
support I'm Pete Musto.
00:46:07
Welcome to the making of the
Nation American history in V.O.A.
00:46:12
Special English I'm Bob Doty with Steve
ember we continue the story of the
00:46:19
administration of Herbert Hoover and
we talk about the election of 1930
00:46:26
to.
00:46:34
60. President Herbert
Hoover worked hard to
00:46:40
rescue the American economy following
that crash the stock market it happened
00:46:47
in October of 1929 within
00:46:51
a month Hoover called the nation's business
leaders to the White House don't lower
00:46:58
wages the president told them. Hoover
called on the bankers at the Federal
00:47:05
Reserve to make it easier for
businesses to borrow money he tried to
00:47:11
provide funds to help farmers get
fair prices for their crops he
00:47:18
pushed Congress to lower
personal taxes and above all the
00:47:25
president urged Americans not to
lose hope in their economy or in
00:47:31
themselves book The economy
was in ruins falling faster
00:47:38
with each passing day of the crisis
that grew into the Great Depression the
00:47:45
value of stocks had collapsed
millions of workers lost their jobs
00:47:52
the level of industrial production in the
country was less than half of what it had
00:47:59
been before the stock market
crash Hoover's efforts were not
00:48:05
enough to stop the growing crisis in
ever greater numbers people called
00:48:12
on the president to increase federal
spending and provide jobs for people
00:48:19
out of work but the president was
00:48:23
a conservative Republican he did not
think it was the responsibility of the
00:48:30
federal government to provide relief
for poor Americans and he thought it
00:48:37
was wrong to increase spending above the
amount of money that the government
00:48:43
received in taxes the situation
seemed out of control the
00:48:49
nation's government than business leaders
appeared to have no idea how to save the
00:48:56
dollar and put people back to work.
Hoover was willing to take steps like
00:49:03
spending government money to help
farmers buy seeds and fertilizer but
00:49:10
he was not willing to give wheat to
unemployed workers who were hungry
00:49:17
he created and them urgency committee
to study the unemployment problem
00:49:24
but he would not launch government
programs to create jobs Hoover
00:49:31
called on Americans to help their
friends in need but he resisted
00:49:37
calls to spend federal funds for
major relief programs to help the
00:49:44
millions of Americans facing
disaster leaders of the
00:49:51
Democratic Party made the most of the
situation they accused the president
00:49:58
of not caring about the common man
they said Hoover was willing to spend
00:50:05
money to feed starving cattle for
businessmen but not willing to feed poor
00:50:12
children Hoover tried to show the
nation that he was dealing with
00:50:18
a crisis he worked with Congress
to try to save the banks and to
00:50:25
keep the dollar tied to the value of
gold he tried hard to balance the
00:50:32
federal budget and he told Americans
that it was not the responsibility
00:50:39
of the national government
to solve all their problems.
00:50:49
Later in 1931 President Hoover appointed
00:50:53
a new committee on unemployment he
named Walter Gifford to head this
00:51:00
committee. Gifford was chief of
00:51:03
a big company American Telephone
and Telegraph but Gifford did
00:51:10
Hoover more harm than good when he
appeared before Congress Gifford
00:51:16
was unable to defend Hoover's
position that relief was the response
00:51:23
ability of local governments and
private giving he admitted that
00:51:30
he did not know how many people were
out of work he did not know how
00:51:37
many of them needed help or
how much help they needed or
00:51:44
how much money local governments
could raise the situation grew
00:51:51
worse some Americans began to completely
lose faith in their government
00:51:58
they look to groups with extreme
political ideas to provide answers
00:52:05
some Americans joined the Communist
Party others helped elect state leaders
00:52:12
with extreme political ideas
and in growing numbers people
00:52:18
began to turn to hatred and
violence however most Americans
00:52:25
remained loyal to traditional values
even as conditions grew steadily
00:52:32
worse they looked ahead to
1932 when they would have
00:52:38
a chance to vote for
00:52:40
a new president. Leaders of the
Democratic Party felt they had an
00:52:46
excellent chance to capture the White
House in the election and their hopes
00:52:53
increased when the Republicans re nominated
President Hoover and vice president
00:52:59
Charles Curtis in the summer
of 1932 for this reason
00:53:06
competition was fierce for the Democratic
presidential nomination but top
00:53:12
candidate was Franklin Delano Roosevelt
the governor of New York State
00:53:19
Roosevelt had been reelected
to that office by
00:53:24
a large majority just 2
years earlier he came from
00:53:29
a rich and famous family
but he was seen as
00:53:34
a friend of the common man
Roosevelt was conservative in his
00:53:40
economic thinking but he was
00:53:43
a progressive in his opinion that government
should be active in helping people
00:53:51
Roosevelt had suffered from polio
and could not walk he used
00:53:57
a wheelchair although it was
really shown in news pictures
00:54:04
Franklin Delano Roosevelt 2 main
opponents were Al Smith and John Garner
00:54:12
Smith had been the governor of
New York before Roosevelt garner
00:54:18
a Texan was the speaker of the House
of Representatives together they hoped
00:54:25
to block Roosevelt's nomination and
they succeeded the 1st 3 times
00:54:32
that delegates voted at the Democratic
nominating convention in Chicago.
00:54:39
Roosevelt's chief political adviser James
Farley worked hard to find Roosevelt
00:54:46
the votes he needed at the
convention finally Farley found
00:54:52
a solution he made
00:54:55
a deal where the supporters of John
Garner Roosevelt would make garner the
00:55:01
vice presidential nominee if garners
forces voted to make Roosevelt the
00:55:08
presidential nominee Garner
agreed and on the next vote the
00:55:14
Democratic delegates nominated Franklin
Roosevelt to be their presidential
00:55:20
candidate Al Smith was so angry
about the deal that he left
00:55:26
Chicago without congratulating
Roosevelt Roosevelt wanted to show the
00:55:33
nation that he was the kind of man
to take action that he had more
00:55:39
imagination than Hoover so he broke
tradition and flew to Chicago
00:55:47
it was the 1st time a candidate had
ever appeared at a convention to accept
00:55:53
a nomination. And Roosevelt told the
cheering crowd that together they
00:56:00
would defeat Hoover.
00:56:09
The main issue in the campaign of
1932 was the economy President
00:56:15
Hoover defended his policies Roosevelt
and the Democrats attacked the
00:56:22
administration for not taking enough
action Roosevelt knew that most
00:56:28
Americans were unhappy with the Hoover
administration so his plan during
00:56:35
the campaign was to let Hoover
defeat himself. He avoided saying
00:56:42
anything that might make groups of
voters think he was too extreme but
00:56:49
Roosevelt did make clear that he would
move the federal government into action to
00:56:56
help people suffering from the
economic crisis he said he was for
00:57:02
a balanced federal budget but he
also said the government must be
00:57:09
willing to spend extra money to
prevent people from starving
00:57:17
Americans liked what they heard from
Franklin Roosevelt he seemed strong he
00:57:24
enjoyed life and Roosevelt seemed
willing to try new ideas to
00:57:30
experiment with government Hoover
attacked Roosevelt bitterly during the
00:57:36
campaign he warned that Roosevelt
and the Democrats would destroy the
00:57:43
American system but Americans were
tired of Hoover they thought he
00:57:49
was too serious too afraid of change
too friendly with business leaders
00:57:57
instead of the working man most of
all they blamed Hoover for the hard
00:58:03
times of the Depression on
Election Day Americans voted in
00:58:10
huge numbers for Franklin Roosevelt
and the Democrats Roosevelt
00:58:17
won $42.00 of the $48.00 states
at that time the Democrats also
00:58:23
gained
00:58:24
a large majority in both houses
of Congress the election
00:58:31
ended 12 years of Republican rule in
the White House it also marked the
00:58:38
passing of
00:58:39
a long conservative period in American
political life. Franklin Delano
00:58:46
Roosevelt would become one of the strongest
and most progressive presidents in the
00:58:51
nation's history he would serve longer
than any other president changing the
00:58:58
face of America's political
and economic systems.
00:59:06
And that's our program for today listen
again tomorrow to learn English 3 stories
00:59:13
from around the world I'm Jonathan
Evans and I'm Ashley Thompson.
00:59:30
You're. From Washington
D.C. Is real we knew.
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